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June 29th, 2015

7/27/2015

10 Comments

 
International Yoga Day and Marriage Equality
Currently there have been two major events in the world – one is international Yoga Day and the other is the decision by the  Supreme Court of America.

International Yoga Day, June 21, was declared as the International Day of Yoga by the United Nations General Assembly on December 11, 2014.  Yoga is a physical, mental and spiritual practice or discipline that originated in India. The Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi in his UN Address suggested the date to be June 21 as the International Day of Yoga as it is the longest day of the year (Summer Solstice) in the Northern Hemisphere and has special significance in many parts of the world.

From the perspective of yoga, the Summer Solstice marks the transition to Dakshinayana. The first full moon after Summer Solstice is known as Guru Purnima. Lord Shiva, the first yoga practitioner (Adi Yogi) is said to have begun imparting the knowledge of yoga to the rest of mankind on this day and became the first guru (Adi Guru).  Dakshinayana is also considered a time when there is natural support for those pursuing spiritual practices.

On June 26, 2015, the United States became the twenty-first and most populous country to legalize same-sex marriage, following the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in Obergefell v. Hodges. The court ruled that the denial of marriage licenses to same-sex couples violates the Due Process and the Equal Protection clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution.

As the only English-speaking country to still resist same-sex marriages the decision of the US has implications for us in Australia.

Marrying these two events together, what should be the appropriate reaction of the Hindu community.

Whether one approves of homosexuality or not, is irrelevant. In most countries throughout the world homosexuality is legal. The 79 countries where it is illegal are mostly in Africa, the Middle east and Indian sub-continent, and Malaysia to Papua New Guinea.

What would Sage Patanjali, the father of Yoga have decided on this matter? According to Patanjali the author of the Yoga Sutras, the human existential problem is dukha or lack of happiness. All beings are pursuing happiness and trying to avoid suffering. The cause of our personal suffering is due to ignorance of our essential nature (avidya). Ignorance leads to the assumption of false identities (asmita) which in turn results in attraction (raga) and aversion (dvesha) — these two forces result in immersion in samsara, clutching, clinging, attachment and further suffering and rebirth.

Having diagnosed the problem, Patanjali then gives the fourfold medication (bhashaja-catushtaya). These four practices are the essential practice for all Yogis to facilitate their spiritual development.

They are:--

1.     Maitri — friendliness to all sentient beings, opening up to others, allowing others into our space, being non-judgemental and accepting of others – with all their flaws and idiosyncrasies.

2.     Karuna — compassion.  This is the active desire to alleviate the suffering of others and not just sympathy. To do all we can to lessen the suffering and disadvantage of others who are striving for happiness.

3.     Mudita — empathetic joy. To cultivate joy in the happiness of others and to rejoice with their achievements in self-determination.

4.     Upeksha — equanimity, non-attachment to our personal views and the practice of the above three. It also refers to indifference to what others do, to legitimately achieve their happiness projects.

Conclusion in the light of Yoga.

Gays and lesbians are born that way due to samskaras (subliminal conditioning) from their previous incarnations. It is not a “life-style” choice based on free-will.  They, like all beings, are all striving to maximise their happiness and avoid suffering. Marriage equality would contribute to their security and happiness and would be good for society through family stability.

Our spiritual duty therefore is not to judge them according to our personal prejudices and bias but to accept them for who they are and allow them to be.

Compassion requires us to do everything we can to facilitate their accomplishment of their goals  of social equality and  equal rights and never to obstruct their legitimate pursuit of happiness.

With empathic joy we should rejoice in the gay community’s joy in their achievement of marriage equality.

And we should be indifferent and non-attached to what others are doing to be happy as long as no one is harmed and no one else’s rights are being infringed.

THE CURSE OF MONOTHEISM

Pandit Sri Ram

"The great unmentionable evil at the center of our culture is monotheism. From a barbaric Bronze Age text known as the Old Testament, three anti-human religions have evolved —Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. These are sky-god religions." — Gore Vidal

Monotheism is the belief that there is only ONE god. All three monotheistic religions   supposedly all worship the same sky-god - Yahweh/God/Allah but all hate and fight with each other!

Since the dawn of time all humans have been natural polytheists (believing in many gods). The great civilizations were all polytheist, the Greeks, Romans, Egyptians, Chinese, Indians, Mayans, Aztecs etc.

The major polytheistic world religions today are Hinduism, Buddhism and Taoism. While Buddhism does not accept the idea of a Godhead, the Buddha acknowledged the existence of the Hindu gods.

Hinduism has a large range of beliefs — monism[1], deism[2], henotheism[3], pantheism[4] and pan-en-theism,[5] polytheism as well as monotheistic sects (which are more henotheistic than pure monotheistic. Hindu monotheism is informed by the doctrine that the Ultimate Reality can be approached in many ways and the God/ess takes whatever form his/her devotee desires.)

Monotheism as a premise leads to some seriously unfortunate results!

The first attempt at monotheism took place in Egypt and was actually a complete failure. The first originator of monotheism was the Egyptian pharaoh Amenhotep IV, who changed his name to Akhenaten. His aim was to establish the worship only one god – Aten (the sun). It was a radical change and was rejected by the population. In the beginning, the pharaoh was tolerant of others, but gradually he turned into a religious fanatic, an ominous portent of things to come in future centuries, because monotheism has never been about harmony. Akhenaten’s experiment failed and shortly after his death in 1336 BC the religion of Aten ceased and the traditional Egyptian polytheism was restored. The pharaoh’s religious reform was rejected by the people and monotheism had to wait for a second attempt. That’s how the very first appearance of the idea of a single god, so distant and different from all the other deities, turned out to be a disaster and the threat was successfully stopped in Ancient Egypt, but not for good. That’s almost without doubt monotheism’s biggest loss in history.

Tragic conclusion of the Monotheistic premise.

1. The deity of monotheism is always a sky/male with a definite bias for males and a concurrent prejudice against earth/females.

2. The separating of humanity into the chosen/un-chosen people, the elect/damned, the believers and non-believers. The chosen, elect, believers are of course elevated above the un-chosen, damned, unbelievers. We thus have a hierarchy of human value and the greatest of all crimes is rejection of, or disbelief in the sky-god. The believers (Christians and Muslims) have a duty out of 'compassion' for unbelievers to convert them to the great benefits of the sky-god's mercy and grace. (Judaism excepted.)

3. God naturally 'loves' his chosen ones and will admit them to his heaven and therefore he must obviously hate the un-chosen ones because he will burn them in hell for all eternity! The Koran categorically declares Allah's disgust and hatred of the unbelievers, whereas Christianity has a rather schizoid proposition that their sky-god actually "loves" the unbelievers until they formally reject him and then he will smite them with all his might and torture them for all-eternity. The result —racism and the dehumanizing of the other, and the laying down of the ground work for conversion by force, coercion, exploitation, discrimination, enslavement and  colonization — in order to save the pagans from themselves.

4. The one god also happens to be the ultimate source of all law and his clergy are the arbitrators. This god also governs the world through his moral laws and is very jealous and zealous about their adoption by all humankind.

5. Furthermore every monotheistic religion because of its absolutist claims, has one self-elected group which represents the 'true' way to believe in, and worship the sky-god. Every one in the community that dissents from this 'orthodox' dogma is an 'heretic'. Heretics need to be 're-educated', expelled or killed. So monotheists will always split into heretical and deviant sects and argue among themselves and invariably this will lead to violence:— physical and mental. (Somehow the Jewish sects have remained composed among themselves but the history of the Christian and Islamic sects is blood-soaked and sectarian wars continue today among the Muslims.)

One of the most common insults that Hindus endure is the question:—  "Why do you guys believe in so many gods and we believe only in the ONE TRUE GOD?" This question itself assumes that monotheism is a self-evidently superior intellectual position to have. I always answer with a challenge:— "Name me one single tangible, universally beneficial contribution that monotheism has made to the world!"

Let's take a look at a few of the major ones--

1. Democracy — Greek

2. Modern legal system — Roman

3. Mathematics — Greek and Roman — Zero supplied by the Hindus.

4. Astronomy — Greeks, Mesopotamians and Hindus

5. Medicine — Western — Greek, Eastern — Hindu and Chinese.

6. Philosophy &  free enquiry — Greek, Roman, Hindu,  Buddhist etc.

7. Science &  technology — flourishes under pagans and atheists. Most scientific advances have been strenuously resisted by the custodians of monotheism. (Most climate change deniers today would be linked to a monotheistic belief system.)

8. Fine Arts — flourished under pagans and was deprecated by Jewish monotheists. Later adopted by the monotheists to propagate their ideology among the pagans.

9. Environmental custodianship — promoted by all pagans.

10. Charter of human rights — atheists and pagans

11. Multiculturalism — all polytheistic societies by their very nature are inclusive and accepting of others.

13. Libraries — Greeks, Hindus and Buddhists. (Christians and Muslims are notorious for their habit of burning books and indeed entire libraries. (The Great libraries of Alexandria and Nalanda are examples.)

It is true that Christians and Jews under the influence of atheists and humanists have nurtured and  improved on all of these above mentioned factors but only by resisting the ordained representatives of the sky-god. Many of the medieval thinkers and scientists were burned alive by the church!

The contribution of monotheism.

Monotheists would argue that their ideology contributes 3 'unique' values:--

1. Value of life

2. Justice and equality

3. Social responsibility

All of these are found in the preexistent pagan religions. In fact paganism generally has a higher regard for all life forms. The Bible prescribes killing as the most common form of punishment - even for picking up twigs on the Sabbath!! The code of Hamurabi which pre-dates the Law of Moses (given by Yahweh) was far more humane and just.  Social responsibility as well as responsibility to the other beings and the environment has always been the basis of Hindu and Buddhist Dharma. None of these values are unique to monotheism, in fact one could argue that they are the result of pagan influence!

The contribution of monotheism has primarily been suppression, oppression and ideological wars. Depending on where monotheism was forcibly imposed, hundreds to thousands of years of religious oppression backed up by enormous political violence have given the false impression that monotheism was a natural development in human society.  Its followers killed off their opponents, burned their libraries, smashed their temples, and then wrote new books explaining their view of what happened.  Dead men and burned books make it hard to learn anything but the victors’ stories.

“The conquest of India is probably the bloodiest story in history. The Islamic historians and scholars have recorded with great glee and pride the slaughters of Hindus, forced conversions, abduction of Hindu women and children to slave markets and the destruction of temples carried out by the warriors of Islam during 800 AD to 1700 AD. Millions of Hindus were converted to Islam by the sword during this period.” (Will Durant — Story of Civilization)

 

War Among Monotheists

Why do monotheistic religions fight so many religious wars? The track record is spectacular, beginning with the Zoroastrians during the Persian invasion of Greece, continuing with the eradication of the pagans under Constantine's successors, the wars of the Arian Heresy, the invasion of Christendom by the Muslims, the Crusades which were wars on monotheist Christians to liberate their holy sites from the monotheistic Muslims, the Muslims invasion of India and the Hindu holocaust. While back in Europe we had the Albigensian Crusade, the Hussite Rebellion, the Thirty Year's War, and so on throughout the middle ages up to the Middle East conflicts today. Even the ancient Egyptians had a brief fling with religious violence during their short-lived experiment with monotheism under Akhenaten before they gave it up as a bad job.

No sooner did monotheism triumph politically wherever it was established than it began to disintegrate.  The force of arms imposed a unity that sacred books could never come close to achieving.  When that imposed unity ended, the result was war, as passions once directed against Pagans became fratricidal, pitting Protestants against Catholics,  both against smaller heretical sects, Christians against Jews, Sunnis against Shias and so forth — all because the opposing party had differing views on the sky-god and his plan for humankind! Freedom of thought and intellectual independence was and still is the principle enemy of monotheism!

Anyone knowledgeable about Western history knows hundreds of years of religious war and more than a thousand years of religious persecution characterized Europe after it became dominated by Biblical monotheism.  Most of the killing was Christian killing Christian after they had exterminated older faiths.   

In modern history we are still suffering under the tyranny of monotheism.  Most of the current wars on the planet, terrorism, bloody massacres and persecutions are a direct result of monotheism. The entire Middle-east is engulfed in bloody and horrendous conflict right now — all justified by monotheism only.

Monotheism has produced directly, or indirectly contributed to the following blights on humanity:--

1. Wars of ideology and persecution of  free-thinkers (intellectual deviants)

2. Colonization and proselytization with exploitation of resources

3. Destruction of native civilizations and cultures (mainly in the Americas.)

4. Racial discrimination laws (USA and African colonies mainly).

5. Environment degradation and exploitation of resources and animals

6. Gender bias and misogyny as well as the stigmatization, murder and oppression of non-heterosexuals.

7. Psychological trauma in individuals (through indoctrination and guilt).

8. Suppression of free thought and discourse (through blasphemy laws.)

9. Sexual repression and puritanical morality.

I stand up today proud to be a polytheist!!

David Hume has argued that monotheism is less pluralistic and thus less tolerant than polytheism because the former stipulates that people pigeonhole their beliefs into one.

Auguste Comte argues, "Monotheism is irreconcilable with the existence in our nature of the instincts of benevolence" because it compels followers to devote themselves to a single Creator.(The Catechism of Positive Religion pg 251)

James Lovelock criticized monotheism, due to its idea of a transcendent almighty father, he says about monotheism, "seems to anesthetize the sense of wonder as if one were committed to a single line of thought by a cosmic legal contract."

Sarvepalli Ramakrishna — "The intolerance of narrow monotheism is written in letters of blood across the history of man from the time when first the tribes of Israel burst into the land of Canaan. The worshippers of the one jealous God are egged on to aggressive wars against people of alien cults. They invoke divine sanction for the cruelties inflicted on the conquered. The spirit of old Israel is inherited by Christianity and Islam, and it might not be unreasonable to suggest that it would have been better for Western civilization if Greece had molded it on this question rather than Palestine. (Quoted in  "A Primal Perspective on the Philosophy of Religion", by Arvind Sharma, page 29)


[1] The belief that nothing actually exists but the Absolute Reality i.e. God, the world is an illusion.

[2] belief in the existence of a supreme being, specifically of a creator who does not intervene in the universe

[3] adherence to one particular god out of several, especially by a family, tribe, or other group.

[4] a doctrine which identifies God with the universe, or regards the universe as a manifestation of God.

[5] the belief or doctrine that God is greater than the universe and includes and interpenetrates it.

10 Comments
Channakeshava Jeeyar link
9/24/2015 12:59:17 am

Dear Achaarya,
Very Happy to find your website , I am a Srivaishnava by birth & practicing, Our achaaryaas & Purohits are conducting prayogas with out understanding the meaning & the philosophy behind the rituals, I am thankfull to you for bringing out the same in your site,
However . in one ofyour PICsI found you without wearinh yagnopaveetham ,so are you following Shathaada Sei Vaishnavism ? this is out of my curiosity I am equiring, Great Job , Please keep enlighting the deserving .
Very many Thanks

Reply
Yitzhak
11/20/2019 09:18:05 pm

Dear Pandit Sri Ram,

I believe you made a few mistakes in your critique of monotheism. Firstly, as a Jew, we don't worship a sky god, whatever that means. Our G-d is incorporeal, intangible, and omnipotent.

Today, the great civilizations AREN'T polytheists. China, Germany, and the United States, which is now an atheist majority. What has polytheism brought? Perhaps Roman gladiatorial games and Aztec blood sacrifice to please the sun god.

You use Pharaoh Amenhotep IV as a monotheistic fanatic, as if there has never been a grain of salt regarding polytheistic fanatics, really?

You state that the deity of monotheism is always male. False. Judaism makes it well known that G-d has no gender, and if He has a male attribute, She also has a female one as well.

Perhaps it is true of Christinaity and Islam, but not of Judaism - Jews have never attempted to divide "us" and "them," the "chosen ones" and the "ones damned to hell." Firstly, there is no hell in Judaism, and you have a basic understanding of what it means to be chosen - being chosen is only a representative on G-d's part. We're chosen to serve you, to unchosen, to make you, chosen. How is this accomplished? By example of what it means to live a Torah driven life. Perhaps this is why we're not active in conversions, because the way we see it is thus: if you're Jewish, great, live a Jewish life. If you're not Jewish, great, live a non-Jewish life. To G-d, it doesn't matter because He made you as you are.

What is wrong with G-d being the moral governor of all that is good in the world?

You ask for one single, tangible benefit for mankind caused as a direct result of monotheism. You recount the exploits of the Greeks, the Romans, the Hindus. What about... morality? That was started, at least in Western civilization, by us. the Jews. To the ancient Greek, a three year old, wasn't human, and if the child was deformed, toss him over the cliff and be done with it. It was the Jew who first fought that, who gave women rights and fought against slavery.

As far as science is concerned, you forget that it was the Muslims who helped saved Western civilization and helped spur on advances which still ripple today. Regarding philosophy, many an ancient Greek traced it back to the Jews. Regarding the fine arts... are you kidding me? All of Hollywood is Jewish! We celebrate entertainment! And as far as libraries are concerned... well, we are known as the "people of the book," are we not?

Let's see how "just" the Code of Hamurabi was. It says in there that an eye for an eye is the way to go. The rabbis thought this foolish: how can you measure such a thing? They changed it for monetary compensation. Our rabbis say that the Torah of Moses has always been interpreted as such - it's why, in rabbinic record, you never hear of a person having been stoned, because they saw these things as metaphorical, which is evident in the original Hebrew, but not in subsequent translations.

The problem with polytheism is as follows: ancient man looked to the stars, the forces of nature, and other great natural wonders like mountains, and worshiped these as deities. They had no idea that these forces do none of their wonders without the official force which supplies them. In their blindness, they forsook that one G-d had created everything.

The main reason for all the wars can be boiled down to this: politics, with religion as the excuse. See the history behind the start of the Crusades, you'll see how apparent it becomes.

But try and think of it like this: what makes you think wars are more prominent among monotheists than polytheists? You'll shout out Hinduism, but I could easily shout out the Peloponnesian War, or perhaps the Punic Wars. The nations of these wars were polytheists. As we've seen, polytheism doesn't offer an avenue against war anymore than a belief in one G-d.

My conclusion? You're shallow. You feel the need to find a scapegoat, and so you blame everything on an umbrella term. Monotheism hasn't caused the world's problems anymore than anything else, and you know it.

Lastly, let's mirror those quotes. David Hume argues that monotheism was less tolerant because it was not pluralistic enough. Really, what does having a belief in one G-d really do for tolerance, say, in women's rights and the abolishment of racial tensions? Yes, we pigeonhole our beliefs into one Creator. So? You're sitting in one chair, does that have an affect on tolerance? You tell me?

You quote Auguste Comte. The guy was a little... well, you can Google it. Anyway, how on earth does the concept of monotheism make us any less benevolent? Is there a single example of this, apart from the refuted ones above?

James Lovejock criticized monotheism merely because it breaks our sense of "wonder," whatever that means, to a single "cosmic legal contract." Really? We live on one earth, we inhabit one universe (as far as we know), and yet, have you lost your "sense of wonder"?

Regarding Joshua and the w

Reply
Yitzhak
11/20/2019 09:20:02 pm

For some reason it cut out my last statement, so I'll post it here. Regarding Joshua and the supposed "genocide," G-d gave those child-sacrificing people (for their gods, by the way), three options: leave peacefully, convert, or fight. In fact, two nations DID convert!

My point? Please don't claim that one is better than the other, thank you.

Reply
Yitzhak
11/20/2019 09:29:04 pm

Polytheism has its problems - so many gods, which to worship? After a while, everyone is worshiping a different god... and the result? War? Sabotage? Ritual impurity?

You guys worships gods of wood and stone - they can speak no more than a block of dumb brick. Even Hindus know that all these gods really represent one Creator, why haven't you?

Hence, we could easily call it "The Curse of Polytheism."

Reply
Karthik
9/10/2020 06:18:38 am

Dear Yitzhak,
The fact that India is probably the only country in the world where there has been no anti-Semitic practices and policies, and your defense of those who probably have presided over holocaust and "you forget that it was the Muslims who helped saved Western civilization" is proof enough of Pundits claim.

As far as the claim that three year olds weren't humans to the Romans or Aztec blood sacrifice are history written by the victors wasn't it? And BTW if the monotheistic god is so powerful and benevolent why the hell are his followers intolerant of each other in his name?
While acknowledging that JEWS own Hollywood lets shed a drop of tear for the displaced pagan Natives in Americas, Africa's and Australia.

Reply
John Huron link
1/11/2021 05:37:57 am

Greeat read thankyou

Reply
B K B rao link
7/29/2022 10:42:41 am

Acharya, In page 5 of Manusmruthi for Modern Times, it is written billion years it should be years only like this 3.1104billion years.

Reply
Hanuman chalisa link
7/23/2023 10:13:42 am

Jai sri ram

Reply
Perry
5/1/2024 01:17:13 pm

Your problem is not monotheism, but revealed religion. The critique in your article does not deal with ethical monotheism but with the Abrahamic faiths. Christianity, Judaism, and Islam give monotheism a bad rap. As shocking as this may sound to most traditional Jews, Christians, and Moslems, there is no notion of monotheism that one God and one God alone exists in the Bible. The Bible assumes that many gods exist. The Bible is a polytheistic culture in which it is assumed and taken for granted that many gods exist. The Biblical conception of religion is henotheistic or monolatrous, and not monotheistic. Same thing with the Koran. The statement of Islam that there is no God but Allah originated in a polytheistic culture of the early medieval Arabic world. Thus, the three Abrahamic faiths did not start out with monotheism, but monotheism is a later development. Additionally, Idolatry began when priests ascribed divine honors to the sun, moon, or stars, while others worshiped dumb, senseless, and unintelligent idols.

However, logically, God must be one and incorporeal because if God has a body, God is no longer a single entity, which raises questions.  God is a single entity because if there were more, there would be the possibility of conflict. There is one God and one God alone of the universe. Something, a single thing, at the very top of the hierarchy, created us. If there are two then you have to come up with the reason why there are two instead of one and whatever that reason is, that is the single thing. That was the big point—that was the one point—there has to be just one. Because if there were two, there’d be a reason why there were two and, that reason whatever created the two—is the Creator. Because if you have two, you need to ask yourself why are there two? What created that? Whatever created that is the one. Thus, God cannot be more than one. Because if there was more than one God there would be conflict between the Gods. There would be chaos in the universe if there were many Gods. Look at the Hindus. The Hindus have chaos.

True, the Greeks had lots of Gods. They’d make you a God if you were a guy that everyone loved and had died—your a God—same as the Romans. But there are theories that a lot of the monotheism of Christianity came from ideas that were Greek. In fact, the first to conceive of God as incorporeal was Plato and Aristotle was the first monotheist. Aristotle was a deist.

Thus, monotheism is a universal article, common to all religions, and which is held in greater purity by Moslems than by Christians; but the Deistical church is the only one that holds it in real purity; because that faith acknowledges no co-partnerships with God. It believes in him solely; and there it rests. Deism is the only profession of religion that admits of worshiping God in purity.

In religion, as in everything else, perfection consists in simplicity. But polytheistic religions are like wheels within wheels, it is like a complicated machine that never goes right. Deism is perfect purity compared with this. An imperfect being cannot be God. A divisible being is finite, and therefore imperfect, and consequently not a God. Only that being who is self-existent, infinitely perfect and eternal, is the true God. No complicated religion can be equally true with the pure and unmixed religion of Deism.

Deism never feared the advancement of science, nor shed the blood of a Galileo. It never promoted a crusade or “holy” war. The progress that Deism makes in the world, lessens the force of superstition and persecution.

If ever a universal religion should prevail, it will not be in believing anything new, but believing as man believed at first. Adam, if ever there was such a man, was created a Deist. Deism was the religion of Adam. It is time to return to the pure, unmixed belief of one God, and no more. The only true religion is deism.

“The only religion that has not been invented, and that has in it every evidence of divine originality, is pure and simple deism. It must have been the first and will probably be the last that man believes.” Thomas Paine

Reply
Perry
9/9/2024 05:56:08 pm

First, we were polytheists and then polytheism didn’t make too much sense because then where did all these gods come from? They probably came from one source so why not just believe in one God? So, then we moved to monotheism and now we are moving to a rational monotheism called deism.

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